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Eldercare Discussion Forum

Bones, Muscles, and Joints

Normal Function

Bones, ligaments, tendons and muscles work together to provide us with a frame and with motion. Bones also store some minerals.

What occurs with normal aging?
What are the results of normal aging?
What can I do to help?
When do I call?
A loss of muscle tone, muscle mass, endurance, and strength.

A loss of muscle tone and strength can affect all muscular functions of the body including body motion, blood circulation and bowel elimination.

Loss of muscle function combined with loss of nerve function results in slower and less effective muscle actions.

Encourage activity.

Encourage self care.

Allow them time.


Significant losses of strength, swelling and water retention or a change or interruption in bowel function should all be reported.
Bone becomes less dense and more porous

Increases incidence of bone fractures and reduces mobility

Ensure the environment is safe.
Use mobility aids as needed.

Maintain activity that encourages the bones to bear weight to help to increase the amount of minerals stored in the bone, making it denser.

Inquire about dietary supplements to encourage strong and dense bones.

The cartilage cushion between spinal bones and joints shrinks.

Soft tissues increase in mass.

An overall loss of height.

An exaggerated curve in the upper back.

Reduced agility and motion.

Increased size of ears and nose.

Awareness and adjustment of clothing and mobility aids to accommodate the change in height.
Report pain, and a sudden change in spinal curves.
Tendons and ligaments become less flexible and stiff. Joint stiffness with reduced ability to move.

More time to adjust position and get mobile.

Maintain activity levels. Stretch before moving.

Pain, swelling and a sudden change in mobility should be reported.

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